This page is for research purposes only and for people trained in the field of toxicology, naturopathic medicine or as a nutritionist. I am not advocating a non-qualified person to start taking supplements based on these research papers. However, it's good to read that everyday foods such as garlic or dark chocolate can assist in reducing the genotoxic, excitotoxic effects of MSG but I still recommend seeking a qualified person if you feel you have side effects from consuming MSG before commencing on a diet that includes excess amounts of foods/supplements listed in these papers. (admin)
Including: Cacao pod extract, Emblica officinalis (Chinese Gooseberry), Graviola (Annona muricata or Soursop), Glycyrrhiza glabra (liqourice), sodium ferulate, Centella asciatica (Pennywort), Ocimum gratissimum (Clove basil, African basil and wild basil in Hawaii), Dark Chocolate, ascorbate, Vitamin C, Vitamin C & E, Vitamin D, L-arginine and Vitamin D, Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) & Zinc, Vitamin B6, Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis, Garcinia kola (Bitter Kola), Curcumin, Fenugreek, Green Tea, Qing brick tea (QBT), Coelatura aegyptiaca (freshwater clam), Hibiscus sabdariffa, CoQ10, Allium sativum (garlic), black garlic, Xanthine Oxidase & Superoxide Dismutase, Ginger and Propolis, Syzygium cumini Leaf (Malabar Plum), Cydonia Oblonga (Quince), Vitamin E, Grape seed extract, Newbouldia laevis (methanol leaf )
Effects of ethanol extract of cocoa (theobroma cacao) pod on normal and monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats' hepatic histo-morphology, serum bio-functional parameters and serum antioxidant activities - HERE (pdf available)
Obidike, Ikechukwu Johnlouis and Egbuonu, Anthony Cemaluk
Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria.
IJRRAS (Journal of Recent Research and Applied Studies)
...CONCLUSION
Cacao pod extract significantly reduced toxic MSG assault on the hepatocytes when co treated suggesting total override of the adverse condition. This is confirmed by the improved histo-morphology of the hepatocytes in the co treated groups. Hence, this study showed ameriolative effects of CPE on the histo-morphology, serum bio-functional indicators and antioxidant activities of MSG-intoxicated rats.
Ameliorative Effect of Graviola (Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies - HERE
(Gaviola is also known as soursop - admin emphasis)
Inshah Ahmed, Nishat Ahmed, Saleha Ahmed, Fazil Ahmad, Abeer Mohammed Al-Subaie
G.O. Obochi, S.P.Malu, V.S.Ekam, F.U.Uboh & M. Obi-Abang
Journal -Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry | Volume 91, 2009 - Issue 3 - Pages 547-557
...Data suggest that co-ingestion of ascorbate may help reduce the risk from some toxicities attributable to selective dietary constituents/additives.
Suzan M Hazzaa (1), Seham Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz (2), Mabrouk A Abd Eldaim (3), Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim (4,5), and Ghada E Elgarawany (1)
1 Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
2 Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
3 Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary, Menoufia University,
Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
4 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
5 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
Nutrients | Published: 9 April 2020
...5. Conclusions
Monosodium glutamate severely affected the short-term spatial memory of rats through oxidative stress-induced degenerative changes and apoptosis of brain tissue. However, Allium sativum ameliorated MSG-induced degenerative and apoptotic changes in brain tissue through reducing the oxidative stress and gliosis-induced structural damage of the hippocampus and by increasing the protein expression of Ki-67 in brain tissue. This study suggested that Allium sativum is a potent neuroprotective agent against pollutant-induced nervous tissue damage.
Titis Nurmasitoh, Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari & Ginus Partadiredja
Drug and Chemical Toxicology | Volume 41, 2018 - Issue 3, pages 324-329
...Black garlic may play a role as an antioxidant agent that prevents the prefrontal cortex from glutamate-induced oxidative stress. It is concluded that the ethanolic fermented garlic extract prevented the working memory impairment following MSG administration.
The effects of black garlic ethanol extract on the spatial memory and estimated total number of pyramidal cells of the hippocampus of monosodium glutamate-exposed adolescent male Wistar rats - HERE
Ery Hermawati, Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari, Ginus Partadiredja
Anatomical Science International | September 2015, Volume 90, Issue 4, pp 275–286
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is believed to exert deleterious effects on various organs, including the hippocampus, likely via the oxidative stress pathway. Garlic (Alium sativum L.), which is considered to possess potent antioxidant activity, has been used as traditional remedy for various ailments since ancient times. ...
The spatial memory test was carried out using the Morris water maze (MWM) procedure, and the total number of pyramidal cells of the hippocampus was estimated using the physical disector design. The groups treated with black garlic extract were found to have a shorter path length than the C− and C+ groups in the escape acquisition phase of the MWM test...
STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE (MSG) ADMINISTRATION ON THE ACTIVITY OF XANTHINE OXIDASE, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND CATALASE IN HEPATIC TISSUE OF ADULT MALE MICE - HERE (pdf)
Kuldip Singh and P. Ahluwalia
Department of Biochemistry, Pan jab University, Chandigarh
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2002, 17 (1) 29-33
ABSTRACT
Subcutaneous administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG), to normal adult male mice, for six consecutive days at dose levels of 4 and 8 mg/g body weight, significantly
increased the level of free radical initiating enzyme, xanthine oxidase, whereas the activity of free radical scavenging enzymes, like catalase and superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in hepatic tissue. These observations suggested that ingestion of MSG at dose level of 4 mg/g body weight and above, induced oxidative stress in the hepatic tissue of adult male mice.
Usama K. Hussein,1,2 Nour El-Houda Y. Hassan,3 Manal E.A. Elhalwagy,4 Amr R. Zaki,5 Huda O. Abubakr,6 Kalyan C. Nagulapalli Venkata,7 Kyu Yun Jang,2, and Anupam Bishayee7,
Molecules | 2017 Nov; 22(11): 1928.
...The study clearly indicates a neuroprotective effect of ginger and propolis against MSG-induced neurodegenerative disorders and these beneficial effects could be attributed to the polyphenolic compounds present in these natural products.
Polyphenol-Rich Extract of Syzygium cumini Leaf Dually Improves Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic Islet Function in Monosodium L-Glutamate-Induced Obese Rats - HERE full text (and pdf here)
Jonas R. Sanches(1), Lucas M. França(1), Vinicyus T. Chagas(1), Renato S. Gaspar(1), Kayque A. dos Santos(1), Luciana M. Gonçalves(2), Deborah M. Sloboda(3), Alison C. Holloway(4), Richard P. Dutra(5), Everardo M. Carneiro(2), Ana Paula G. Cappelli(1) and Antonio Marcus de A. Paes(1)
1 Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
2 Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Department of Estructural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
3 Departments of Biochemistry, Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
5Social, Health and Technological Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Brazil
Front. Pharmacol., 10 March 2016
...These data demonstrate that S. cumini leaf improved peripheral insulin sensitivity via stimulating/modulating β-cell insulin release, which was associated with improvements in metabolic outcomes in MSG-induced obese rats.
4. CONCLUSION
It is known to us that several pathways contribute to damage in the eye, including oxidation and cellular death. The compounds derived from grape seeds, such as Brauanthocyanidin, have the ability to prevent the proteins that mediate these pathological processes, through the following:-Prevent the enzymes associated with oxidation to become overactive and include these enzymes Xanthine and catalase oxides; help protect cell membranes from free radical damage; reduced levels of O2interactivity in the blood; reduced fat oxidation (fat peroxide).The effect of GSE on the harmful effects of MSG has been demonstrated. This therapeutic effect adds to many of the benefits of the miracle grapefruit, which is mentioned in 11 topics in the Holy Quran, Through our results, we recommend more research studies to study the therapeutic and preventive effects of grape seeds using different doses and time periods.
Ameliorative potentials of methanol leaf extract of Newbouldia laevis on monosodium glutamate induced toxicity in female albino rats - HERE (Academia)
Effect of Emblica officinalis (Amla) on Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)
Induced Uterine Fibroids in Wistar Rats - HERE
Inshah Ahmed, Nishat Ahmed, Saleha Ahmed, Fazil Ahmad, Abeer Mohammed Al-Subaie
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology | Volume - 13, Issue - 6, 2020
...Result: Results demonstrated that the level of estradiol, cholesterol and total serum protein level was ameliorated indicating anti-fibrotic effect of Emblica officinalis. Interpretation and Conclusion: Emblica officinalis contains uterine fibroid protective phytochemicals and may be useful in preventing uterine fibroids induced by MSG. This activity can be attributed to phenolic and other constituents and one of the mechanisms could be by balancing of oxidative stress, acting as anti-oxidant.
(emblica officinalis is Chinese Goosberry) admin emphasis
Study on attenuation of neurotoxic effect of MonoSodium Glutamate by
Hydro alcoholic extract of roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra in rats - HERE (pdf available)
Upashana Banerjee, Binayaka Sethi, Bimalendu Chowdhury
Department of Pharmacology, Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Berhampur, Orissa, India
Conference Paper (PDF Available) · January 2013 | Conference: IPSCON 2012, Volume: ABSTRACT
... Background:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used additive used as a flavor enhancer for packaged food products. Glutamate in high doses produces neuroendocrine abnormalities, neurodegeneration and neurotoxicity due to oxidative stress.
Conclusion:
HAEGG established effective neuroprotective property by showing significant protection against oxidative stress. The data obtained reveals the ability of HAEGG to curb the toxic effects induced by consumption of MSG. ...
Glycyrrhiza glabra is Liqourice - admin emphais
Comparison of the effects of perinatal and neonatal administration of sodium ferulate on repair following excitotoxic neuronal damages induced by maternal oral administration of monosodium glutamate at a late stage of pregnancy - HERE
Yongping Zhang(1), Lijian Yu(1), Rundi Ma(1), Xiaoyu Zhang(1,2), Tingxi Yu(1,3)
1 Key Laboratory of Mrine Materia Medica, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
3 Shanghai Pediatric Medical Research Institute, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
World Journal of Neuroscience, 2012, 2, 159-165 WJNS
...Both maternal and newborn administration of SF is conducive to the filial neuronal repair following excitotoxic damages induced by glutamate.
1 Key Laboratory of Mrine Materia Medica, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
3 Shanghai Pediatric Medical Research Institute, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
World Journal of Neuroscience, 2012, 2, 159-165 WJNS
...Both maternal and newborn administration of SF is conducive to the filial neuronal repair following excitotoxic damages induced by glutamate.
Sodium ferulate is often used in Chinese medicine - admin emphasis
M Ramanathan, S Sivakumar, P R Anandvijayakumar, C Saravanababu†, P Rathinavel Pandian†
Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology,
†Department of Phytochemistry & Phytomedicine, J. S. S. College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, 643 001, India
Indian journal of experimental biology 45(5):425-31, June 2007
The effect of chloroform: methanolic (80:20) extract of C. asiatica (CA; 100 and 200 mg/kg), was evaluated on the course of free radical generation and excitotoxicity in monosodiumglutamate (MSG) treated female Sprague Dawley rats. The extract showed significant improvement in catalase, super oxide desmutase and lipid peroxides levels in hippocampus and striatum regions. Glutathione level was not altered with CA treatment. Similar observation was made with dextromethorphan. The general behavior, locomotor activity and CAl a region of the hippocampus was significantly protected by CA indicating neuroprotective effect of CA in MSG induced excitotoxic condition. Hence it can be concluded that CA protected MSG induced neurodegeneration attributed to its antioxidant and behavioural properties. This activity of CA can be explored in epilepsy, stroke and other degenerative conditions in which the role of glutamate is known to play vital role in the pathogenesis.
Dayo Adedoyin(1), Abiola S. Ojokuku(1), Florence A. Bamidele(2)
1 Department. of Chemical Sciences, Yaba College of Technology, PMB 2011, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
2 Department of Biological Science, Yaba College of Technology, PMB 2011, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Trop Journal of Natural Product Research | 2020; 4(2):27-30. Published Date: 29 February 2020
...Occimum gratissimum aqueous extract affected some biochemical parameters induced by monosodium glutamate.
Neuroprotective evaluation of standardized extract of Centella asciatica in monosodium glutamate treated rats - HERE
(pdf available - Cetella asciatica is commonly known as 'Pennywort')
M Ramanathan, S Sivakumar, P R Anandvijayakumar, C Saravanababu†, P Rathinavel Pandian†
Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology,
†Department of Phytochemistry & Phytomedicine, J. S. S. College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, 643 001, India
Indian journal of experimental biology 45(5):425-31, June 2007
The effect of chloroform: methanolic (80:20) extract of C. asiatica (CA; 100 and 200 mg/kg), was evaluated on the course of free radical generation and excitotoxicity in monosodiumglutamate (MSG) treated female Sprague Dawley rats. The extract showed significant improvement in catalase, super oxide desmutase and lipid peroxides levels in hippocampus and striatum regions. Glutathione level was not altered with CA treatment. Similar observation was made with dextromethorphan. The general behavior, locomotor activity and CAl a region of the hippocampus was significantly protected by CA indicating neuroprotective effect of CA in MSG induced excitotoxic condition. Hence it can be concluded that CA protected MSG induced neurodegeneration attributed to its antioxidant and behavioural properties. This activity of CA can be explored in epilepsy, stroke and other degenerative conditions in which the role of glutamate is known to play vital role in the pathogenesis.
The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum On Monosodium Glutamate Induced Biochemical Changes in Albino Rats - HERE
Dayo Adedoyin(1), Abiola S. Ojokuku(1), Florence A. Bamidele(2)
1 Department. of Chemical Sciences, Yaba College of Technology, PMB 2011, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
2 Department of Biological Science, Yaba College of Technology, PMB 2011, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Trop Journal of Natural Product Research | 2020; 4(2):27-30. Published Date: 29 February 2020
...Occimum gratissimum aqueous extract affected some biochemical parameters induced by monosodium glutamate.
Ocimum gratissimum, also known as clove basil, African basil, and in Hawaii as wild basil, is a species of Ocimum - admin emphasis
Sowmya Madhavadas, Vijaya Kumar, Bindu Kutty, Sarada Subramanian
December 2015 Journal of Dietary Supplements 13(4):1-12
...The results demonstrated that DC reduced the hyperglycemia, inhibited the cholinesterase activity in the hippocampal tissue homogenates, and improved the cognitive performance in spatial memory related Barnes maze task. Histological studies revealed an increase in cell volume in the DC treated rats in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. These findings demonstrated the benefits of DC in enhancing cognitive function and cholinergic activity in the hippocampus of the aged NTAD rats while correcting their metabolic disturbances.
The Neuroprotective Effect of Dark Chocolate in Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Nontransgenic Alzheimer Disease Model Rats: Biochemical, Behavioral, and Histological Studies - HERE (pdf available)
Sowmya Madhavadas, Vijaya Kumar, Bindu Kutty, Sarada Subramanian
December 2015 Journal of Dietary Supplements 13(4):1-12
...The results demonstrated that DC reduced the hyperglycemia, inhibited the cholinesterase activity in the hippocampal tissue homogenates, and improved the cognitive performance in spatial memory related Barnes maze task. Histological studies revealed an increase in cell volume in the DC treated rats in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. These findings demonstrated the benefits of DC in enhancing cognitive function and cholinergic activity in the hippocampus of the aged NTAD rats while correcting their metabolic disturbances.
Effects of ascorbate on monosodium glutamate-associated toxicities that may impact upon immunocompetence - HERE
G.O. Obochi, S.P.Malu, V.S.Ekam, F.U.Uboh & M. Obi-Abang
Journal -Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry | Volume 91, 2009 - Issue 3 - Pages 547-557
...Data suggest that co-ingestion of ascorbate may help reduce the risk from some toxicities attributable to selective dietary constituents/additives.
Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on Mice ovaries and the possible protective role of Vitamin C - HERE (2015 full report)
Snoor J. Mustaf (1), Tan Azad Salih (1), Hadeel A. Yasseen
(2), Bushra Hassan Marouf (3), Ali Ibrahim Mohammed (2)
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine/University of Sulaimani, Iraq
Department of Histopathology, School of Medicine/University of Sulaimani, Iraq
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy/University of Sulaimani, Iraq
Background: Monosodium Glutamate, commonly used food additives that produce oxidative stress causing pathogenesis in several tissues and play a role in anovulatory infertility. ...
Conclusion:
MSG causes oxidative stress affecting ovarian tissue particularly the growing follicles, maturation of follicles, and decreased ovulation. Vitamin C is an effective antioxidant agent reducing the oxidative stress effect of MSG.
The possible protective effect of piperine versus vitamin C on monosodium glutamate-induced cerebellar toxicity in adult male rats a histological and immunohistochemical study - HERE
Omar, Abeer I.; Farag, Eman A.; Yousry, Marwa M.Author Information
Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, University, Cairo, Egypt
Egyptian Journal of Histology: December 2016 - Volume 39 - Issue 4 - p 362-371
...Both vitamin C and black pepper could preserve the cerebellum histologically in the MSG rat model. However, black pepper was more protective.
Elly Dwi Wahyuni1, Cory Chorajon Situmorang1, Yuyun Yueniwati(2), Wisnu Barlianto(3), Pande Made Dwijayasa(4)
1 Midwifery Master Study Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
2 Radiology Laboratory, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
3 Pediatric Laboratory, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
4 Obstetric and Ginaecology Laboratory, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction | June 2014
...Conclusions: The present data suggesting that combined vitamin C and E able to inhibit endometrial toxicity caused by orally MSG treatment via modulating angiogenesis, increase endometrial thickness and expression of -estrogen receptor.
Rania A.Wahdan, Zeinab M. Alazouny
Egyptian Journal of Histology 38(1):68-76 · March 2015
...There was a significant increase in the area percentage of collagen fibers and a significant increase in the optical density of inducible nitric oxide synthase reaction in the treated group compared with the control group. In the vitamin C-supplemented group, there was improvement in the histological and immunohistochemical changes. Conclusion: Administration of MSG induces a degenerative effect on the fallopian tubes of adult rats, confirmed through the histological and immunohistochemical changes. However, vitamin C can improve these induced changes through its antioxidant effects.
Manal Said Tawfik(1)*, Nawal Al-Badr(2)
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture-El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;
2 Department of Food Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2012, 3, 651-659, Published Online May 2012
...The results showed that MSG at doses of 0.6 and 1.6 mg/g of body weight may cause an adverse effect on the hepatic and renal functions which might be due to oxidative stress induced by MSG on the liver and renal tissue. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E was capable of ameliorating MSG-induced oxidative stress on hepatic and renal functions.
Ajibade Adeshina John(1), Fakunle Ponle Bamidele(1) and Shittu Oluwaseyi Ridwan(1)
1 Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
European Journal of Medicinal Plants 5(1): 13-22, 2015
Conclusion: This study concluded that Garcinia kola has protective effects on monosodium glutamate-induced cerebellar damage in adult Wistar rats.
The possible protective effect of piperine versus vitamin C on monosodium glutamate-induced cerebellar toxicity in adult male rats a histological and immunohistochemical study - HERE
Omar, Abeer I.; Farag, Eman A.; Yousry, Marwa M.Author Information
Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, University, Cairo, Egypt
Egyptian Journal of Histology: December 2016 - Volume 39 - Issue 4 - p 362-371
...Both vitamin C and black pepper could preserve the cerebellum histologically in the MSG rat model. However, black pepper was more protective.
Combination of vitamin C and E modulated monosodium glutamate-induced endometrial toxicily in female Wistar rats - HERE (pdf available)
Elly Dwi Wahyuni1, Cory Chorajon Situmorang1, Yuyun Yueniwati(2), Wisnu Barlianto(3), Pande Made Dwijayasa(4)
1 Midwifery Master Study Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
2 Radiology Laboratory, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
3 Pediatric Laboratory, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
4 Obstetric and Ginaecology Laboratory, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction | June 2014
...Conclusions: The present data suggesting that combined vitamin C and E able to inhibit endometrial toxicity caused by orally MSG treatment via modulating angiogenesis, increase endometrial thickness and expression of -estrogen receptor.
Effect of monosodium glutamate on the fallopian tubes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of vitamin C: A histological and immunohistochemical study - HERE
Rania A.Wahdan, Zeinab M. Alazouny
Egyptian Journal of Histology 38(1):68-76 · March 2015
...There was a significant increase in the area percentage of collagen fibers and a significant increase in the optical density of inducible nitric oxide synthase reaction in the treated group compared with the control group. In the vitamin C-supplemented group, there was improvement in the histological and immunohistochemical changes. Conclusion: Administration of MSG induces a degenerative effect on the fallopian tubes of adult rats, confirmed through the histological and immunohistochemical changes. However, vitamin C can improve these induced changes through its antioxidant effects.
Adverse Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Liver and Kidney Functions in
Adult Rats and Potential Protective Effect of Vitamins C and E - HERE (pdf)
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture-El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;
2 Department of Food Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2012, 3, 651-659, Published Online May 2012
...The results showed that MSG at doses of 0.6 and 1.6 mg/g of body weight may cause an adverse effect on the hepatic and renal functions which might be due to oxidative stress induced by MSG on the liver and renal tissue. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E was capable of ameliorating MSG-induced oxidative stress on hepatic and renal functions.
The effect of vitamin C administration on monosodium glutamate induced liver injury. An experimental study - HERE
Ayman EL-Meghawry, EL-Kenawy(a,c) Hosam Eldin Hussein, Osman(b,c) Maha Hasan, Daghestani(d)
a Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Egypt
b Department of Anatomy, Al Azhar University, Egypt
c College of Medicine, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
d Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Women Students-Medical Studies and Sciences Section, Saudi Arabia
Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology | Volume 65, Issue 5, July 2013, Pages 513-521
Severe alterations were recorded including dilatations of the central veins; severe cyto-architectural distortions of the hepatocytes; marked reduction in both carbohydrates and proteins; vacuolated cytoplasm, swollen mitochondria and vesiculated rough endoplasmic reticulum with picknotic nuclei; in addition to significant variation in the expression of ki-67 and p53 proteins. The data obtained from this study showed the improvements in the pathological architecture of the liver after treatment with vitamin C. The present data point to the ameliorative effect of vitamin C against MSG induced liver injury.
Padmanabha Nandan(a), Arun Kumar NayanataraPh.D.(a) Roopesh Poojary M.Sc.(a), K.Bhagyalakshmi M.D.(a), M.NirupamaM.D.(b), Rekha D.Kini Ph.D.(a)
a Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Affiliated to Manipal University, Karnataka, India
b Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Affiliated to Manipal University, Karnataka, India
Journal of the National Medical Association | Volume 110, Issue 1, February 2018, Pages 98-102
...Conclusion
Ingestion of Vitamin D suppresses body weight gain in MSG-induced obese rats. Active agents in Vitamin D are useful for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Foods tested with high glutamate levels can be fortified with minute quantities of calcitriol to combat the adverse effects without compromising on the taste of the food processed. The fortification of junk foods might also combat largely prevalent Vitamin D deficiency in India.
Eman A.Elbassuoni(a1), Merhan M.Ragy(a1), Sabreen M.Ahmed(b1)
a Physiology Department, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia, 61111, Egypt
b Human Anatomy Department, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia, 61111, Egypt
...Results: MSG increased body weight and produced liver and kidney dysfunctions. The MSG-induced oxidative liver and kidney damage was proved. Vitamin D and l- Arginine have been shown to protect and restore the liver and the kidney capabilities in MSG models injury via inhibiting oxidative damage, vitamin D or l- Arginine suppresses the increased food intake and body weight gain induced by MSG. Conclusions: due to injurious effect of MSG, it should be avoided especially in liver or kidney disorders, foods containing excess MSG can be fortified with vitamin D or l- Arginine to overcome its adverse effects.
I H Wirandoko(1), C Apriyani(1) and D R Apriyanto(1)
1. Faculty of Medicine, Swadaya Gunung Jati University, Jl. Terusan Pemuda, No.1A, Cirebon,
West Java, Indonesia 45132
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1146
Abstract
Factors causing infertility include unhealthy lifestyle, such as excessive use of MSG which can produce free radicals and can affect morphology and motility of spermatozoa. Antioxidant is needed to prevent free radicals, which can be obtained from various sources such as tomatoes and zinc...Tomatoes or zinc and the combination of tomatoes and zinc were effective to improve the morphology and motility of male white rats Rattus norvegicus spermatozoa which were exposed to MSG. The combination of tomatoes and zinc were the most effective in improving morphology and motility of spermatozoa exposed to MSG.
Azadeh Mesripour(a,b1), Masoud Kadivar(b), Valiollah Hajhashemi(b)
a Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry | Volumes 15–16, July–August 2019, Pages 28-32
...In conclusion, MSG effects on depressive behavior depend on age and duration of exposure. Vitamin B6 as a cofactor of various neurotransmitter enzymes is promising in preventing the possible harmful effects of MSG on mood.
Sekena H Abdel-Aziem (a), Heba A.M. Abd El-Kader (a), Faten M. Ibrahim (b), Hafiza A Sharaf (c),
Aida I. El makawy (a)
a Cell Biology Dept., 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
b Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Dept., 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
c Pathology Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 16 (2018) 653-660
...Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis improved the monosodium glutamate ovarian tissue histological alteration, sex hormones content and raised the ovarian enzymatic antioxidants level. In addition, monosodium glutamate markedly diminished the Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase mRNA expressions, However, Chlorella vulgaris or Spirulina platensis upregulated the expression of genes close to control. In conclusion, Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis showed potential alleviative role against the monosodium glutamate ovarian dysfunction.
Protective Role of Co-administration of Vitamin D in Monosodium Glutamate Induced Obesity in Female Rats - HERE
Padmanabha Nandan(a), Arun Kumar NayanataraPh.D.(a) Roopesh Poojary M.Sc.(a), K.Bhagyalakshmi M.D.(a), M.NirupamaM.D.(b), Rekha D.Kini Ph.D.(a)
a Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Affiliated to Manipal University, Karnataka, India
b Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Affiliated to Manipal University, Karnataka, India
Journal of the National Medical Association | Volume 110, Issue 1, February 2018, Pages 98-102
...Conclusion
Ingestion of Vitamin D suppresses body weight gain in MSG-induced obese rats. Active agents in Vitamin D are useful for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Foods tested with high glutamate levels can be fortified with minute quantities of calcitriol to combat the adverse effects without compromising on the taste of the food processed. The fortification of junk foods might also combat largely prevalent Vitamin D deficiency in India.
Evidence of the protective effect of L-arginine and vitamin D against monosodium glutamate-induced liver and kidney dysfunction in rats - HERE full text pdf available - HERE
Eman A.Elbassuoni(a1), Merhan M.Ragy(a1), Sabreen M.Ahmed(b1)
a Physiology Department, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia, 61111, Egypt
b Human Anatomy Department, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia, 61111, Egypt
...Results: MSG increased body weight and produced liver and kidney dysfunctions. The MSG-induced oxidative liver and kidney damage was proved. Vitamin D and l- Arginine have been shown to protect and restore the liver and the kidney capabilities in MSG models injury via inhibiting oxidative damage, vitamin D or l- Arginine suppresses the increased food intake and body weight gain induced by MSG. Conclusions: due to injurious effect of MSG, it should be avoided especially in liver or kidney disorders, foods containing excess MSG can be fortified with vitamin D or l- Arginine to overcome its adverse effects.
Effectivity of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and zinc combination to sperms of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to monosodium glutamate - HERE (pdf)
I H Wirandoko(1), C Apriyani(1) and D R Apriyanto(1)
1. Faculty of Medicine, Swadaya Gunung Jati University, Jl. Terusan Pemuda, No.1A, Cirebon,
West Java, Indonesia 45132
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1146
Abstract
Factors causing infertility include unhealthy lifestyle, such as excessive use of MSG which can produce free radicals and can affect morphology and motility of spermatozoa. Antioxidant is needed to prevent free radicals, which can be obtained from various sources such as tomatoes and zinc...Tomatoes or zinc and the combination of tomatoes and zinc were effective to improve the morphology and motility of male white rats Rattus norvegicus spermatozoa which were exposed to MSG. The combination of tomatoes and zinc were the most effective in improving morphology and motility of spermatozoa exposed to MSG.
Monosodium glutamate influences depressive behavior of two age groups of mice in forced swimming test: Vitamin B6 could remedy the situation - HERE
Azadeh Mesripour(a,b1), Masoud Kadivar(b), Valiollah Hajhashemi(b)
a Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry | Volumes 15–16, July–August 2019, Pages 28-32
...In conclusion, MSG effects on depressive behavior depend on age and duration of exposure. Vitamin B6 as a cofactor of various neurotransmitter enzymes is promising in preventing the possible harmful effects of MSG on mood.
Evaluation of the alleviative role of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis extract against ovarian dysfunctions induced by monosodium glutamate in mice - HERE (pdf available)
Sekena H Abdel-Aziem (a), Heba A.M. Abd El-Kader (a), Faten M. Ibrahim (b), Hafiza A Sharaf (c),
Aida I. El makawy (a)
a Cell Biology Dept., 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
b Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Dept., 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
c Pathology Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 16 (2018) 653-660
...Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis improved the monosodium glutamate ovarian tissue histological alteration, sex hormones content and raised the ovarian enzymatic antioxidants level. In addition, monosodium glutamate markedly diminished the Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase mRNA expressions, However, Chlorella vulgaris or Spirulina platensis upregulated the expression of genes close to control. In conclusion, Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis showed potential alleviative role against the monosodium glutamate ovarian dysfunction.
Neuroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Garcinia kola on Monosodium Glutamate Induced Cerebellar Cortical Damage in Adult Wistar Rats - HERE (pdf)
Ajibade Adeshina John(1), Fakunle Ponle Bamidele(1) and Shittu Oluwaseyi Ridwan(1)
1 Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
European Journal of Medicinal Plants 5(1): 13-22, 2015
Conclusion: This study concluded that Garcinia kola has protective effects on monosodium glutamate-induced cerebellar damage in adult Wistar rats.
Sometimes called Bitter Kola; a flowering plant found in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests - admin emphasis
Rania M Khalil, Naglaa Khedr
Neurosignals 24(1):81-87 · August 2016
...The anti-inflammatory properties of CUR may be responsible for this observed neuroprotective action. A possible role of CUR to attenuate both glutamate level and gene expression of NMDA2B and mGLUR5 in brain hippocampus was established when compared to MSG group. Conclusion: We concluded that CUR as flavor enhancer protects against MSG-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
P. Kumar - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
U. Bhandari - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
...Results: Treatment with AqE-TFG produced significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) reduction in body weight gain, Lee’s index, white adipose tissue (WAT) weights, adiposity index, blood glucose, serum insulin, leptin, lipids (low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol), cardiac risk indexes (atherogenic index and coronary risk index), and homeostatic model assessment index. AqE-TFG treatment restored the activities of liver and epididymal WAT lipogenic enzymes (fatty acid synthetase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) towards normal levels. Histological studies of liver also supported the experimental findings.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrated the preventive effect of AqE-TFG on fat deposition and dyslipidemia possibly by improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism, enhancement of insulin sensitivity and down regulation of lipogenic enzymes.
Ahmed Abozaid Ali, Ghada Hassan El-Seify, Hala Mohammed El Haroun, Mona Abd El Mawla Mohammed Soliman MSc
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menofyia University, Menoufiya, Egypt
Year : 2014 | Volume : 27 | Issue : 4 | Page : 793-800
...Conclusion
It has been concluded that GTE improves the histological changes caused by MSG in the ovary.
Wenqi Ga(a), Changyi Xia(a), Jun Hu(a), Biaoxin Che(a), Chunyan Wang(c), Bangping Cui(d), Pengyi Deng(d), JianYang(a), Zhifang Deng(b)
a Department of Central Experimental Laboratory& Yichang Key Laboratory of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease translational medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
b Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
c Chang-sheng-chuan Hubei Qingzhuan Brick Tea Institute, Yichang, 443002, China
d Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy | Volume 103, July 2018, Pages 637-644
...Conclusion
Our results showed that QBT intake was effective in protecting monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice against metabolic syndrome and involved in the Nrf2 signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle.
Amel M Soliman
African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 5(3):398-408 · April 2011
...The results of the present study elucidate that CE could ameliorate the liver oxidative stress induced by MSG administration, since CE was strongly scavenged DPPH radicals and showed antioxidant activity.
Francisco Alarcon, Alejandro Zamilpa, Ma Dolores Perez-Garcia, Julio César Almanza-Pérez
Article in Journal of Ethnopharmacology 114(1):66-71 · November 2007
...Our data confirm the anti-obesity effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa reported by the Mexican population.
Dalia F. El Agamy & Yahya M Naguib
BMC Urology | December 2019
...Olive oil had no effect on MSG induced alterations of different parameters. Treatment with CoQ10 has resulted in a significant restoration of all the altered parameters. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that CoQ10 antagonizes the deleterious effects of MSG on detrusor activity. We propose that CoQ10 could be a therapeutic strategy targeting urinary bladder dysfunction.
Samar A. Asker
Article · June 2011
Background: The female reproductive system is very sensitive to different environmental chemicals and food additives such as monosodium glutamate. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring compound and a potent antioxidant....
Conclusion: Administration of monosodium glutamate alters the histological structure and expression of leptin in the oviduct. The coadministration of CoQ10 with monosodium glutamate partially prevented these changes, suggesting a protective effect of CoQ10.
Curcumin Protects against Monosodium Glutamate Neurotoxicity and Decreasing NMDA2B and mGluR5 Expression in Rat Hippocampus - HERE (pdf available)
Rania M Khalil, Naglaa Khedr
Neurosignals 24(1):81-87 · August 2016
...The anti-inflammatory properties of CUR may be responsible for this observed neuroprotective action. A possible role of CUR to attenuate both glutamate level and gene expression of NMDA2B and mGLUR5 in brain hippocampus was established when compared to MSG group. Conclusion: We concluded that CUR as flavor enhancer protects against MSG-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Fenugreek Seed Extract Prevents Fat Deposition in Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)-Obese Rats - HERE
P. Kumar - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
U. Bhandari - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
...Results: Treatment with AqE-TFG produced significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) reduction in body weight gain, Lee’s index, white adipose tissue (WAT) weights, adiposity index, blood glucose, serum insulin, leptin, lipids (low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol), cardiac risk indexes (atherogenic index and coronary risk index), and homeostatic model assessment index. AqE-TFG treatment restored the activities of liver and epididymal WAT lipogenic enzymes (fatty acid synthetase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) towards normal levels. Histological studies of liver also supported the experimental findings.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrated the preventive effect of AqE-TFG on fat deposition and dyslipidemia possibly by improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism, enhancement of insulin sensitivity and down regulation of lipogenic enzymes.
Effect of monosodium glutamate on the ovaries of adult female albino rats and the possible protective role of green tea - HERE
Ahmed Abozaid Ali, Ghada Hassan El-Seify, Hala Mohammed El Haroun, Mona Abd El Mawla Mohammed Soliman MSc
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menofyia University, Menoufiya, Egypt
Year : 2014 | Volume : 27 | Issue : 4 | Page : 793-800
...Conclusion
It has been concluded that GTE improves the histological changes caused by MSG in the ovary.
Qing brick tea (QBT) aqueous extract protects monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice against metabolic syndrome and involves up-regulation Transcription Factor Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathway - HERE
Wenqi Ga(a), Changyi Xia(a), Jun Hu(a), Biaoxin Che(a), Chunyan Wang(c), Bangping Cui(d), Pengyi Deng(d), JianYang(a), Zhifang Deng(b)
a Department of Central Experimental Laboratory& Yichang Key Laboratory of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease translational medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
b Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
c Chang-sheng-chuan Hubei Qingzhuan Brick Tea Institute, Yichang, 443002, China
d Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443000, China
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy | Volume 103, July 2018, Pages 637-644
...Conclusion
Our results showed that QBT intake was effective in protecting monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice against metabolic syndrome and involved in the Nrf2 signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle.
Extract of Coelatura aegyptiaca, a freshwater clam, ameliorates hepatic oxidative stress induced by monosodium glutamate in rats - HERE
Amel M Soliman
African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 5(3):398-408 · April 2011
...The results of the present study elucidate that CE could ameliorate the liver oxidative stress induced by MSG administration, since CE was strongly scavenged DPPH radicals and showed antioxidant activity.
Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on obesity in MSG mice - HERE
Article in Journal of Ethnopharmacology 114(1):66-71 · November 2007
...Our data confirm the anti-obesity effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa reported by the Mexican population.
CoQ10 ameliorates monosodium glutamate-induced alteration in detrusor activity and responsiveness in rats via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and channel inhibiting mechanisms - HERE (full text) pdf available
BMC Urology | December 2019
...Olive oil had no effect on MSG induced alterations of different parameters. Treatment with CoQ10 has resulted in a significant restoration of all the altered parameters. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that CoQ10 antagonizes the deleterious effects of MSG on detrusor activity. We propose that CoQ10 could be a therapeutic strategy targeting urinary bladder dysfunction.
Impact of coenzyme Q10 on the histological structure and immunohistochemical localization of leptin in the ampulla of rat oviduct after monosodium glutamate administration - HERE
Samar A. Asker
Article · June 2011
Background: The female reproductive system is very sensitive to different environmental chemicals and food additives such as monosodium glutamate. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring compound and a potent antioxidant....
Conclusion: Administration of monosodium glutamate alters the histological structure and expression of leptin in the oviduct. The coadministration of CoQ10 with monosodium glutamate partially prevented these changes, suggesting a protective effect of CoQ10.
Neuroprotective Potential of Allium sativum against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity: Impact on Short-Term Memory, Gliosis, and Oxidative Stress - HERE
pdf available - (allium sativum is garlic)
Suzan M Hazzaa (1), Seham Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz (2), Mabrouk A Abd Eldaim (3), Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim (4,5), and Ghada E Elgarawany (1)
1 Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
2 Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
3 Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary, Menoufia University,
Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
4 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
5 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
Nutrients | Published: 9 April 2020
...5. Conclusions
Monosodium glutamate severely affected the short-term spatial memory of rats through oxidative stress-induced degenerative changes and apoptosis of brain tissue. However, Allium sativum ameliorated MSG-induced degenerative and apoptotic changes in brain tissue through reducing the oxidative stress and gliosis-induced structural damage of the hippocampus and by increasing the protein expression of Ki-67 in brain tissue. This study suggested that Allium sativum is a potent neuroprotective agent against pollutant-induced nervous tissue damage.
The effects of black garlic on the working memory and pyramidal cell number of medial prefrontal cortex of rats exposed to monosodium glutamate - HERE
Titis Nurmasitoh, Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari & Ginus Partadiredja
Drug and Chemical Toxicology | Volume 41, 2018 - Issue 3, pages 324-329
...Black garlic may play a role as an antioxidant agent that prevents the prefrontal cortex from glutamate-induced oxidative stress. It is concluded that the ethanolic fermented garlic extract prevented the working memory impairment following MSG administration.
The effects of black garlic ethanol extract on the spatial memory and estimated total number of pyramidal cells of the hippocampus of monosodium glutamate-exposed adolescent male Wistar rats - HERE
Ery Hermawati, Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari, Ginus Partadiredja
Anatomical Science International | September 2015, Volume 90, Issue 4, pp 275–286
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is believed to exert deleterious effects on various organs, including the hippocampus, likely via the oxidative stress pathway. Garlic (Alium sativum L.), which is considered to possess potent antioxidant activity, has been used as traditional remedy for various ailments since ancient times. ...
The spatial memory test was carried out using the Morris water maze (MWM) procedure, and the total number of pyramidal cells of the hippocampus was estimated using the physical disector design. The groups treated with black garlic extract were found to have a shorter path length than the C− and C+ groups in the escape acquisition phase of the MWM test...
STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE (MSG) ADMINISTRATION ON THE ACTIVITY OF XANTHINE OXIDASE, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND CATALASE IN HEPATIC TISSUE OF ADULT MALE MICE - HERE (pdf)
Kuldip Singh and P. Ahluwalia
Department of Biochemistry, Pan jab University, Chandigarh
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2002, 17 (1) 29-33
ABSTRACT
Subcutaneous administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG), to normal adult male mice, for six consecutive days at dose levels of 4 and 8 mg/g body weight, significantly
increased the level of free radical initiating enzyme, xanthine oxidase, whereas the activity of free radical scavenging enzymes, like catalase and superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in hepatic tissue. These observations suggested that ingestion of MSG at dose level of 4 mg/g body weight and above, induced oxidative stress in the hepatic tissue of adult male mice.
Ginger and Propolis Exert Neuroprotective Effects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats - HERE
Usama K. Hussein,1,2 Nour El-Houda Y. Hassan,3 Manal E.A. Elhalwagy,4 Amr R. Zaki,5 Huda O. Abubakr,6 Kalyan C. Nagulapalli Venkata,7 Kyu Yun Jang,2, and Anupam Bishayee7,
Molecules | 2017 Nov; 22(11): 1928.
...The study clearly indicates a neuroprotective effect of ginger and propolis against MSG-induced neurodegenerative disorders and these beneficial effects could be attributed to the polyphenolic compounds present in these natural products.
Polyphenol-Rich Extract of Syzygium cumini Leaf Dually Improves Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity and Pancreatic Islet Function in Monosodium L-Glutamate-Induced Obese Rats - HERE full text (and pdf here)
Jonas R. Sanches(1), Lucas M. França(1), Vinicyus T. Chagas(1), Renato S. Gaspar(1), Kayque A. dos Santos(1), Luciana M. Gonçalves(2), Deborah M. Sloboda(3), Alison C. Holloway(4), Richard P. Dutra(5), Everardo M. Carneiro(2), Ana Paula G. Cappelli(1) and Antonio Marcus de A. Paes(1)
1 Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
2 Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Department of Estructural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
3 Departments of Biochemistry, Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
5Social, Health and Technological Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Brazil
Front. Pharmacol., 10 March 2016
...These data demonstrate that S. cumini leaf improved peripheral insulin sensitivity via stimulating/modulating β-cell insulin release, which was associated with improvements in metabolic outcomes in MSG-induced obese rats.
Syzygium cumini, commonly known as Malabar plum, Java plum, black plum, or jambolan, is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae, and favored for its fruit, timber, and ornamental value - admin emphasis
Lucas Martins França(1), Caio Fernando Ferreira Coêlho(1), Larissa Nara Costa Freitas(1), Ivana Letícia Santos Souza(1), Vinicyus Teles Chagas(1), Victor Debbas(2), Thais Martins de Lima(3), Heraldo Possolo de Souza(3), Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo(2) and Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes (1).
1 Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966–Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
2 Laboratory of Vascular Biology (LBV), Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44–Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-900, Brazil
3 Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-51), Emergency Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019; 2019: 9417498.
Abstract
Syzygium cumini is used worldwide for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-associated outcomes... HESc restored fasting serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and free fatty acids, as well as insulin sensitivity, to levels similar to lean rats. Additionally, HESc halved the triglyceride content into very low-density lipoprotein particles, as well as healed liver steatosis, in obese rats. Hepatic protein expression of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP94 was decreased by HESc, which also downregulated the hepatic triglyceride secretion pathway by reducing the splicing of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1s), as well as protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) translational levels. This action was further corroborated by the acute inhibitory effect of HESc on triglyceride accumulation on Triton WR1339-treated rats. Our data support the downregulation of the XBP-1s/PDI/MTP axis in the liver of MSG-obese rats as a novel feasible mechanism for the antihypertriglyceridemic effect promoted by the polyphenolic phytocomplex present in S. cumini leaf.
Syzygium cumini Leaf Extract Reverts Hypertriglyceridemia via Downregulation of the Hepatic XBP-1s/PDI/MTP Axis in Monosodium L-Glutamate-Induced Obese Rats - HERE (pdf)
Lucas Martins França(1), Caio Fernando Ferreira Coêlho(1), Larissa Nara Costa Freitas(1), Ivana Letícia Santos Souza(1), Vinicyus Teles Chagas(1), Victor Debbas(2), Thais Martins de Lima(3), Heraldo Possolo de Souza(3), Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo(2) and Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes (1).
1 Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966–Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
2 Laboratory of Vascular Biology (LBV), Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44–Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-900, Brazil
3 Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-51), Emergency Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019; 2019: 9417498.
Abstract
Syzygium cumini is used worldwide for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-associated outcomes... HESc restored fasting serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and free fatty acids, as well as insulin sensitivity, to levels similar to lean rats. Additionally, HESc halved the triglyceride content into very low-density lipoprotein particles, as well as healed liver steatosis, in obese rats. Hepatic protein expression of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP94 was decreased by HESc, which also downregulated the hepatic triglyceride secretion pathway by reducing the splicing of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1s), as well as protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) translational levels. This action was further corroborated by the acute inhibitory effect of HESc on triglyceride accumulation on Triton WR1339-treated rats. Our data support the downregulation of the XBP-1s/PDI/MTP axis in the liver of MSG-obese rats as a novel feasible mechanism for the antihypertriglyceridemic effect promoted by the polyphenolic phytocomplex present in S. cumini leaf.
Syzygium cumini is Malabar plum, Java plum, black plum, jamun or jambolan
Davoud Kianifard (1), Gholamereza Vafaei Saiah (2), Farhad Rexaee(3)
1. Division of Histology & Microscopic Anatomy, Department of Basic Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2. Division of Physiology & Laboratory Animals Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Rom J Diabetes Nutr Metab Dis. 22 (4): 375-384
...Conclusions:
The quince leaf extract can be effective in reduction of functional alterations of the reproductive system induced by monosodium glutamate.
Ahmed M. A. Abd El-Mawla(1,2), Husam Eldien H. Osman(3)
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
2 Department of
Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia.
3 Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
...CONCLUSION: The presence of phenolic compounds in the Saudi Arabian propolis is coincided with its role in improving the histological and ultrastructural pictures of kidney treated with monosodium glutamate.
Effects of Dietary Vitamin B6 on the Utilization of Monosodium Glutamate by Rats - HERE
Chi-Pang Wen, Stanley N. Gershoff
The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 102, Issue 7, July 1972, Pages 835–840
... Vitamin B6 deficiency resulted in a delayed clearance from plasma of intravenously administered glutamate...These studies point up the need in MSG toxicity studies to especially consider the age and state of vitamin B6 nutriture of the animals used and the routes of MSG administration.
Refaat Eid, Mubarak Al-Shraim, Mohamed Sa. Zaki, Samaa Kamar, Noha S.Abdel Latif, Sally Negm, Bahjat Al-Ani & Mohamed Haidara
Ultrastructural Pathology 43(1):1-10 · October 2019
...Thus, vitamin E at 300 mg/kg effectively protects against MSG-induced acute liver injury in rats, possibly via the inhibition of inflammation, and up-regulation of endogenous antioxidants.
Study of the Protective Effects of Quince (Cydonia Oblonga) Leaf Extract on Fertility Alterations and Gonadal Dysfunction Induced by Monosodium Glutamate in Adult Male Wistar Rats HERE (pdf)
Davoud Kianifard (1), Gholamereza Vafaei Saiah (2), Farhad Rexaee(3)
1. Division of Histology & Microscopic Anatomy, Department of Basic Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2. Division of Physiology & Laboratory Animals Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Rom J Diabetes Nutr Metab Dis. 22 (4): 375-384
...Conclusions:
The quince leaf extract can be effective in reduction of functional alterations of the reproductive system induced by monosodium glutamate.
HPLC analysis and role of the Saudi Arabian propolis in improving the pathological changes of kidney treated with monosodium glutamate - HERE (pdf)
Ahmed M. A. Abd El-Mawla(1,2), Husam Eldien H. Osman(3)
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
2 Department of
Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia.
3 Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
...CONCLUSION: The presence of phenolic compounds in the Saudi Arabian propolis is coincided with its role in improving the histological and ultrastructural pictures of kidney treated with monosodium glutamate.
Effects of Dietary Vitamin B6 on the Utilization of Monosodium Glutamate by Rats - HERE
Chi-Pang Wen, Stanley N. Gershoff
The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 102, Issue 7, July 1972, Pages 835–840
... Vitamin B6 deficiency resulted in a delayed clearance from plasma of intravenously administered glutamate...These studies point up the need in MSG toxicity studies to especially consider the age and state of vitamin B6 nutriture of the animals used and the routes of MSG administration.
Vitamin E protects against monosodium glutamate-induced acute liver injury and hepatocyte ultrastructural alterations in rats - HERE
Refaat Eid, Mubarak Al-Shraim, Mohamed Sa. Zaki, Samaa Kamar, Noha S.Abdel Latif, Sally Negm, Bahjat Al-Ani & Mohamed Haidara
Ultrastructural Pathology 43(1):1-10 · October 2019
...Thus, vitamin E at 300 mg/kg effectively protects against MSG-induced acute liver injury in rats, possibly via the inhibition of inflammation, and up-regulation of endogenous antioxidants.
Effect of Grape Seed Extract in Minimizing the Harmful Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on the Chicken Embryonic Retina to Show Scientific Miracles In the Holy Quran - HERE
FawzyaAl-Gamdi(1) and Nouf Al-Harbi(1)
1 Departmentof Biology, Science Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International | 32(25): 7-18, 2020; Article no.JPRI.61857
It is known to us that several pathways contribute to damage in the eye, including oxidation and cellular death. The compounds derived from grape seeds, such as Brauanthocyanidin, have the ability to prevent the proteins that mediate these pathological processes, through the following:-Prevent the enzymes associated with oxidation to become overactive and include these enzymes Xanthine and catalase oxides; help protect cell membranes from free radical damage; reduced levels of O2interactivity in the blood; reduced fat oxidation (fat peroxide).The effect of GSE on the harmful effects of MSG has been demonstrated. This therapeutic effect adds to many of the benefits of the miracle grapefruit, which is mentioned in 11 topics in the Holy Quran, Through our results, we recommend more research studies to study the therapeutic and preventive effects of grape seeds using different doses and time periods.
COMPETING INTERESTS: Authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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